Comprehensive Model for Real Battery Simulation Responsive to Variable Load

This paper proposes a battery voltage model that is suitable for variable operation. The combines the features of Kinetic Battery Model (KiBaM) and (VM), it improves accuracy quality solution, addressing four characteristics operation: charging, discharging, rest after charge, discharge. will be known as 4-KiVM shows low impact on computational burden. proposed can keep track even when load inverted or turned off. To calibrate validate model, NASA-provided dataset was used composed with charges discharges, simulating real applications. A metaheuristic method based tabu search to extract constants from this hybrid model. In addition, comparison performance against KiBaM, VM, electric circuit (ECM) made, showing its advantages. results simulations showed good prediction response SOC in random (variable) use.